This is the curved stroke that is attached to the end of the stem.
The general rule on stem direction is that at or above the center line (B for treble clef or D for bass clef) of the staff, the stem points down, and when the note is below the middle of the staff, the stem points up. The direction of the stem has no effect on the note, but it makes notation easier to read and less cluttered. When the stem is pointing down, it joins the note head on the left. When the stem is pointing up, it joins on the right side of the note head. This is the thin vertical line that is attached to the note head. At its most basic, it tells the performer what note to play on their instrument. This is an oval shape that is either open (white) or closed (black). 
Individual note symbols are a combination of up to three basic elements: the note head, the stem, and flags.
For the lines, "Every Good Boy Does Fine" is one popular mnemonic, and the spaces spell out the word "FACE." Practicing with an online note recognition tool is another great way to reinforce these associations.
This may seem like a lot to remember, but you can use mnemonics-or word cues-that may help you remember them. 
The four spaces, from the bottom up, represent these notes: F A C E. The five lines, from the bottom up, represent the following notes: E G B D F. When notes are added to the staff in the treble clef, they will have the following values: One good way to remember this is that the line at the center of the clef's "swirl" wraps around the line that represents the note G. The treble clef, or G clef, is derived from an ornamental Latin letter G. All instruments and voices in the higher ranges use the treble clef, and for this intro to reading music, we'll focus primarily on this clef for our examples. This sign, which looks like a big, fancy cursive symbol at the left end of the staff, is the legend that tells you approximately what range your instrument will play in. One of the first things you'll encounter when reading music is the clef.
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